RESUMO
This analysis identifies the significant problem of ambiguity, variation and vagueness in relation to the intervention described as 'psychotherapy'. Its purpose is to raise international awareness of this problem and alternative solutions.
Assuntos
Psicoterapia , HumanosRESUMO
Introducción. Estudios internacionales demuestran que existe un patrón diferenciado de salud y una disparidad en la atención sanitaria entre personas con discapacidad intelectual (DI) y población general. Objetivo. Obtener datos sobre el estado de salud de las personas con DI y compararlos con datos de población general. Pacientes y métodos. Se utilizó el conjunto de indicadores de salud P15 en una muestra de 111 sujetos con DI. Los datos de salud encontrados se compararon según el tipo de residencia de los sujetos y se utilizó la Encuesta Nacional de Salud 2006 para comparar estos datos con los de la población general.Resultados. La muestra con DI presentó 25 veces más casos de epilepsia y el doble de obesidad. Un 20% presentó dolor bucal, y existió una alta presencia de problemas sensoriales, de movilidad y psicosis. Sin embargo, encontramos una baja presencia de patologías como la diabetes, la hipertensión, la osteoartritis y la osteoporosis. También presentaron una menor participación en programas de prevención y promoción de la salud, un mayor número de ingresos hospitalarios y un uso menor de los servicios de urgencia. Conclusiones. El patrón de salud de las personas con DI difiere del de la población general, y éstas realizan un uso distinto de los servicios sanitarios. Es importante el desarrollo de programas de promoción de salud y de formación profesional específicamente diseñados para la atención de personas con DI, así como la implementación de encuestas de salud que incluyan datos sobre esta población (AU)
Introduction. International studies show that both the pattern of health and the healthcare provided for persons with intellectual disability (ID) and the general population are different. Aims. To obtain data about the state of health of persons with ID and to compare them with data about the general population. Patients and methods. The P15 set of health indicators was used in a sample of 111 subjects with ID. The health data that were found were compared according to the subjects type of residence and the 2006 National Health Survey was used to compare these data with those for the general population. Results. The sample with ID presented 25 times more cases of epilepsy and twice as many cases of obesity. Twenty per cent presented pain in the mouth and the presence of sensory and mobility problems, as well as psychosis, was high. We also found, however, a low presence of pathologies like diabetes, hypertension, osteoarthritis and osteoporosis. They also displayed a lower rate of participation in prevention and health promotion programmes, a higher number of hospital admissions and a lower usage of emergency services. Conclusions. The pattern of health of persons with ID differs from that of the general population, and they use healthcare services differently. It is important to develop programmes of health promotion and professional training that are specifically designed to attend to the needs of persons with ID. Likewise, it is also necessary to implement health surveys that include data about this population (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoas com Deficiência Mental/estatística & dados numéricos , Serviços de Saúde Mental/organização & administração , Nível de Saúde , Anamnese , Exame Físico/métodos , Exame Neurológico/métodos , Hábitos , Avaliação da Deficiência , Indicadores de Qualidade de Vida , Indicadores Básicos de SaúdeRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: International studies show that both the pattern of health and the healthcare provided for persons with intellectual disability (ID) and the general population are different. AIMS: To obtain data about the state of health of persons with ID and to compare them with data about the general population. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The P15 set of health indicators was used in a sample of 111 subjects with ID. The health data that were found were compared according to the subjects' type of residence and the 2006 National Health Survey was used to compare these data with those for the general population. RESULTS; The sample with ID presented 25 times more cases of epilepsy and twice as many cases of obesity. Twenty per cent presented pain in the mouth and the presence of sensory and mobility problems, as well as psychosis, was high. We also found, however, a low presence of pathologies like diabetes, hypertension, osteoarthritis and osteoporosis. They also displayed a lower rate of participation in prevention and health promotion programmes, a higher number of hospital admissions and a lower usage of emergency services. CONCLUSIONS: The pattern of health of persons with ID differs from that of the general population, and they use healthcare services differently. It is important to develop programmes of health promotion and professional training that are specifically designed to attend to the needs of persons with ID. Likewise, it is also necessary to implement health surveys that include data about this population.
